考研英语词组多少个

更新时间:2025-09-24 01:04:02
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考研英语高频词组用法全解析

考研英语备考中,掌握高频词组的用法至关重要。这些词组不仅是考试中的常见考点,更是提升阅读理解、写作表达能力的核心。本文将结合历年真题和常见场景,深入解析几个考研英语中的高频词组,帮助你理解其内涵,掌握正确用法,避免在考试中因词组误用而失分。无论是基础薄弱还是希望冲刺高分的学生,都能从中找到实用的学习方法和应试技巧。

常见问题解答

1. "Take into account" 与 "Take into consideration" 有什么区别?

"Take into account" 和 "Take into consideration" 都是表示“考虑”的常用词组,但在使用时有一些细微差别。从语义上看,两者都强调在决策或判断时将某事纳入思考范围,但 "take into account" 更侧重于客观、全面地权衡因素,常用于正式场合,如商业报告、学术论文等。例如:"The company decided to expand its market share, taking into account the current economic trends." 这句话表明公司决策时充分考虑了经济趋势这一客观因素。而 "take into consideration" 则更强调主观性,即根据个人观点或需求来权衡,常用于日常对话或非正式写作。比如:"She didn't attend the meeting because she had to take her children into consideration." 这句话说明她因需要照顾孩子而决定不参加会议,显然是基于个人需求的考虑。

在用法上,"take into account" 后通常跟名词或名词短语,而 "take into consideration" 后可以跟名词、名词短语或动名词。例如:"We must take into account the possibility of rain." 但 "take into consideration" 后不能直接跟动名词,需要加 "the fact that" 或 "what" 等引导词。从语体上看,"take into account" 更正式,而 "take into consideration" 相对口语化。例如,在写论文时,用 "take into account" 会显得更严谨,而在日常交流中,"take into consideration" 更自然。从搭配上看,"take into account" 常与 "factors," "issues," "evidence" 等词搭配,而 "take into consideration" 常与 "personal needs," "family obligations," "safety concerns" 等词搭配。虽然两者意思相近,但在具体语境中应根据语体、搭配和侧重点选择合适的词组。

2. "In contrast to" 和 "By contrast" 如何正确使用?

"In contrast to" 和 "by contrast" 都是表示“对比”的词组,但它们在使用时存在一些区别。从结构上看,"in contrast to" 后通常跟名词、名词短语或代词,而 "by contrast" 后可以跟从句或名词短语。例如:"In contrast to his brother, who is outgoing, Tom is very shy." 这句话中,"in contrast to" 后跟了名词短语 "his brother",形成了鲜明的对比。而 "By contrast, the younger students showed more enthusiasm." 这句话中,"by contrast" 后跟了从句 "the younger students showed more enthusiasm",表示与前面提到的群体形成对比。从语体上看,"in contrast to" 更正式,常用于学术写作或正式演讲中,而 "by contrast" 相对口语化,适合日常交流或非正式写作。例如,在写研究论文时,用 "in contrast to" 会显得更严谨,而在与朋友聊天时,用 "by contrast" 更自然。从强调重点上看,"in contrast to" 强调两者之间的差异,而 "by contrast" 更侧重于通过对比来突出某个群体的特点。例如:"The company's profits declined in contrast to those of its competitors." 这句话强调该公司利润与竞争对手相比有所下降。而 "By contrast, the new product line exceeded sales expectations." 这句话通过对比来突出新产品线的成功。

在具体使用时,还需要注意以下几点。"in contrast to" 不能直接跟从句,而 "by contrast" 可以。例如,不能说 "In contrast to he is lazy",但可以说 "By contrast, he is lazy." "in contrast to" 前面通常不加冠词,而 "by contrast" 前面可以加冠词。例如,不能说 "In contrast to the book",但可以说 "By contrast, the book was disappointing." 从搭配上看,"in contrast to" 常与 "differences," "similarities," "opinions" 等词搭配,而 "by contrast" 常与 "the results," "the figures," "the performance" 等词搭配。虽然两者都表示对比,但在具体语境中应根据结构、语体、强调重点和搭配选择合适的词组。

3. "With the exception of" 和 "Except for" 有什么区别?

"With the exception of" 和 "except for" 都表示“除……之外”,但在使用时存在一些细微差别。从结构上看,"with the exception of" 后通常跟名词或名词短语,而 "except for" 后可以跟名词、名词短语或动名词。例如:"All the students passed the exam with the exception of Tom." 这句话中,"with the exception of" 后跟了名词 "Tom",表示除了汤姆之外,其他学生都通过了考试。而 "Except for a few mistakes, the essay was well-written." 这句话中,"except for" 后跟了名词短语 "a few mistakes",表示除了少数错误之外,文章写得很好。"except for" 还可以跟动名词,如 "I enjoyed the movie except for the ending." 这句话中,"except for" 后跟了动名词 "the ending",表示除了结局之外,电影我很喜欢。

从语体上看,"with the exception of" 更正式,常用于学术写作或正式场合,而 "except for" 相对口语化,适合日常交流或非正式写作。例如,在写论文时,用 "with the exception of" 会显得更严谨,而在与朋友聊天时,用 "except for" 更自然。从强调重点上看,"with the exception of" 强调在整体中排除某个个体或群体,而 "except for" 更侧重于指出某个部分与整体的不同。例如:"The team performed well with the exception of one player." 这句话强调除了一个球员之外,整个团队表现良好。而 "The cake was delicious except for the frosting." 这句话通过对比来突出蛋糕的其余部分很美味,但奶油除外。

在具体使用时,还需要注意以下几点。"with the exception of" 不能直接跟从句,而 "except for" 可以。例如,不能说 "with the exception of he is lazy",但可以说 "except for he is lazy." "with the exception of" 前面通常不加冠词,而 "except for" 前面可以加冠词。例如,不能说 "with the exception of the book",但可以说 "except for the book." 从搭配上看,"with the exception of" 常与 "differences," "similarities," "opinions" 等词搭配,而 "except for" 常与 "the results," "the figures," "the performance" 等词搭配。虽然两者都表示“除……之外”,但在具体语境中应根据结构、语体、强调重点和搭配选择合适的词组。

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